The turnkey approach is the most effective method for achieving cost and scheduling goals on a project. Portions of the normally separate design, engineering, and construction phase can be performed in parallel if one contractor is responsible for of these functions. Also, the time and cost require to implement a project are reduced by eliminating multiple project management teams. The risk of claims is also reduced by using one contractor for design, engineering, procurement and construction. This approach frequently is the best means of using EPC to its fullest advantage.